Header:
CODE OF MARYLAND REGULATIONS
TITLE 10. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND MENTAL HYGIENE
SUBTITLE 16. HOUSING
CHAPTER 01. MIGRATORY LABOR CAMPS
Date:
08/31/2009
Document:
.26 Applicable Federal Standards.
A. An operator of a camp, or a portion of a camp, for which construction began on or after April 3, 1980, and which was not under a contract for construction as of March 4, 1980, shall ensure that in addition to meeting the requirements of Regulations .01--.24, and .27, the minimum standards in Sec. B--M of this regulation, taken from 29 CFR Sec. 1910.142 (Occupational Safety and Health Standards, Temporary Labor Camps), are met.
B. Site.
(1) Sites used for camps shall be adequately drained. They may not be subject to periodic flooding, or located within 200 feet of swamps, pools, sink holes, or other surface collections of water unless such quiescent water surfaces can be subjected to mosquito control measures. The camp shall be located so the drainage from and through the camp does not endanger any domestic or public water supply. Sites shall be graded, ditched, and rendered free from depressions in which water may become a nuisance.
(2) Sites shall be adequate in size to prevent overcrowding of necessary structures. The principal camp area in which food is prepared and served and where sleeping quarters are located shall be at least 500 feet from any area in which livestock is kept.
(3) The grounds and open areas surrounding the shelters shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition free from rubbish, debris, waste paper, garbage, or other refuse.
(4) Whenever the camp is closed for the season or permanently, all garbage, manure, and other refuse shall be collected and so disposed of as to prevent nuisance. Abandoned privy pits shall be filled with earth and the grounds and buildings left in a clean and sanitary condition. If privy buildings remain, they shall be locked or otherwise secured to prevent entrance.
C. Shelter.
(1) Each shelter in the camp shall be constructed in a manner which will provide protection against the elements.
(2) Each room used for sleeping purposes shall contain at least 50 square feet of floor space for each occupant. At least a 7-foot ceiling shall be provided.
(3) Beds, cots, or bunks, and suitable storage facilities such as wall lockers for clothing and personal articles shall be provided in each room used for sleeping purposes. Beds or similar facilities shall be spaced not closer than 36 inches both laterally and end to end, and shall be elevated at least 12 inches from the floor. If double-deck bunks are used, they may not be spaced less than 48 inches both laterally and end to end. The minimum clear space between the lower and upper bunk may not be less than 27 inches. Triple-deck bunks are prohibited.
(4) The floors of each shelter shall be constructed of wood, asphalt, or concrete. Wooden floors shall be of smooth and tight construction. The floors shall be kept in good repair.
(5) Wooden floors shall be elevated not less than 1 foot above the ground level at all points to prevent dampness and to permit free circulation of air beneath.
(6) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit "banking" with earth or other suitable material around the outside walls in areas subject to extreme low temperatures.
(7) Living quarters shall be provided with windows the total of which may not be less than 1/10 of the floor area. At least 1/2 of each window shall be so constructed that it can be opened for purposes of ventilation.
(8) Exterior openings shall be effectively screened with 16-mesh material. Screen doors shall be equipped with self-closing devices.
(9) In a room where workers cook, live, and sleep, a minimum of 100 square feet per person shall be provided. Sanitary facilities shall be provided for storing and preparing food.
(10) In camps where cooking facilities are used in common, stoves, in a ratio of one stove to 10 persons or one stove to two families, shall be provided in an enclosed and screened shelter. Sanitary facilities shall be provided for storing and preparing food.
(11) Heating, cooking, and water heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with State and local ordinances, codes, and regulations governing these installations. If a camp is used during cold weather, adequate heating equipment shall be provided.
D. Water Supply.
(1) An adequate and convenient water supply, meeting State and local requirements, shall be provided in each camp for drinking, cooking, bathing, and laundry purposes.
(2) A water supply shall be deemed adequate if it is capable of delivering 35 gallons per person per day to the campsite at a peak rate of 2-1/2 times the average hourly demand.
(3) The distribution lines shall be capable of supplying water at normal operating pressures to all fixtures for simultaneous operation. Water outlets shall be distributed throughout the camp in a manner that no shelter is more than 100 feet from a yard hydrant if water is not piped to the shelters.
(4) Where water under pressure is available, one or more drinking fountains shall be provided for each 100 occupants or fraction of them. The construction of drinking fountains shall comply with USA Standard Z4.2-1942, Specifications for Drinking Fountains, which is incorporated by reference. Common drinking cups are prohibited.
E. Toilet Facilities.
(1) Toilet facilities adequate for the capacity of the camp shall be provided.
(2) Each toilet room shall be located so as to be accessible without any individual passing through any sleeping room. Toilet rooms shall have a window not less than 6 square feet in area opening directly to the outside area or otherwise be satisfactorily ventilated. Outside openings shall be screened with 16-mesh material. A fixture, water closet, chemical toilet, or urinal may not be located in a room used for other than toilet purposes.
(3) A toilet room shall be located within 200 feet of the door of each sleeping room. A privy may not be closer than 100 feet to any sleeping room, dining room, lunch area, or kitchen.
(4) If the toilet rooms are shared, such as in multifamily shelters and in barracks-type facilities, separate toilet rooms shall be provided for each sex. These rooms shall be distinctly marked "for men" and "for women" by signs printed in English and in the native language of the persons occupying the camp, or marked with easily understood pictures or symbols. If the facilities for each sex are in the same building, they shall be separated by solid walls or partitions extending from the floor to the roof or ceiling.
(5) If toilet facilities are shared, the number of water closets or privy seats provided for each sex shall be based on the maximum number of persons of that sex which the camp is designed to house at any one time, in the ratio of one unit to each 15 persons, with a minimum of two units for any shared facility.
(6) Urinals shall be provided on the basis of one unit or 2 linear feet of urinal trough for each 25 men. The floor from the wall and for a distance not less than 15 inches measured from the outward edge of the urinals shall be constructed of materials impervious to moisture. If water under pressure is available, urinals shall be provided with an adequate water flush. Urinal troughs in privies shall drain freely into the pit or vault, and the construction of this drain shall be such as to exclude flies and rodents from the pit.
(7) Each water closet installed on or after August 31, 1971, shall be located in a toilet room.
(8) Each toilet room shall be lighted naturally or artificially by a safe type of lighting at all hours of the day and night.
(9) An adequate supply of toilet paper shall be provided in each privy, water closet, or chemical toilet compartment.
(10) Privies and toilet rooms shall be kept in a sanitary condition and cleaned at least daily.
F. Sewage Disposal Facilities. In camps where public sewers are available, all sewer lines and floor drains from buildings shall be connected to the public sewers.
G. Laundry, Handwashing, and Bathing Facilities.
(1) Laundry, handwashing, and bathing facilities shall be provided in the following ratio:
(a) Handwash basin per family shelter or per six persons in shared facilities;
(b) Shower head for every 10 individuals;
(c) Laundry tray or tub for every 30 individuals;
(d) Slop sink in each building used for laundry, handwashing, and bathing.
(2) Floors shall be of smooth finish but not slippery materials, and impervious to moisture. Floor drains shall be provided in all shower baths, shower rooms, or laundry rooms to remove waste water and facilitate cleaning. Junctions of the curbing and the floor shall be covered. The walls and partitions of shower rooms shall be smooth and impervious to the height of splash.
(3) An adequate supply of hot and cold running water shall be provided for bathing and laundry purposes. Facilities for heating water shall be provided.
(4) Each service building shall be provided with equipment capable of maintaining a temperature of at least 70(F during cold weather.
(5) Facilities for drying clothes shall be provided.
(6) Service buildings shall be kept clean.
H. Lighting. If electric service is available, each habitable room in a camp shall be provided with at least one ceiling-type light fixture and at least one separate floor or wall-type convenience outlet. Laundry and toilet rooms and rooms where people congregate shall contain at least one ceiling or wall-type fixture. Light levels in toilet and storage rooms shall be at least 20 footcandles 30 inches from the floor. Light levels in other rooms, including kitchens and living quarters, shall be at least 30 footcandles 30 inches from the floor.
I. Refuse Disposal.
(1) Fly-tight, rodent-tight, impervious, cleanable, or single-service containers shall be provided for the storage of garbage. At least one container shall be provided for each family shelter and shall be located within 100 feet of each shelter on a wooden, metal, or concrete stand.
(2) Garbage containers shall be kept clean, and emptied when full, but not less than twice a week.
J. Construction and Operation of Kitchens, Dining Hall, and Feeding Facilities.
(1) In all camps where central dining or multiple family feeding operations are permitted or provided, the food handling facilities shall comply with the requirements of the Food Service Sanitation Manual, Food Service Sanitation Ordinance and Code, which is incorporated by reference.
(2) A properly constructed kitchen and dining hall adequate in size, separate from the sleeping quarters of any of the workers or their families, shall be provided in connection with all food handling facilities. There may not be a direct opening from living or sleeping quarters into a kitchen or dining hall.
(3) A person with a communicable disease may not be employed or permitted to work in the preparation, cooking, serving, or other handling of food, foodstuffs, or materials used along with them, in any kitchen or dining room operated in connection with a camp or regularly used by persons living in a camp.
K. Insect and Rodent Control. Effective measures shall be taken to prevent infestation by and harborage of animal or insect vectors or pests.
L. First Aid. Adequate first aid facilities shall:
(1) Be maintained and made available in each labor camp for the emergency treatment of injured persons;
(2) Have an individual trained to administer first aid; and
(3) Be readily accessible for use at all times.
M. Reporting Communicable Disease.
(1) It is the duty of a camp operator to report immediately to the local health officer the name and address of any individual in the camp known to have, or suspected of having, a communicable disease.
(2) Whenever there occurs in any camp a case of suspected food poisoning or an unusual prevalence of any illness in which fever, diarrhea, sore throat, vomiting, or jaundice is a prominent symptom, it is the duty of a camp operator to report immediately the existence of the outbreak to the local health officer by telegram or telephone.
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